Combined exercise and cognitive training improves the treatment outcomes of stroke survivors

This study investigated the feasibility and adherence of a combined training treatment for stroke survivors. Researchers suggested that this treatment is safe and has significant adherence from patients.

A stroke happens when the blood flow to the brain is blocked. Brain cells stop receiving oxygen and begin to die. These cells lose their abilities in controlling body functions. The available treatments for the recovery of stroke survivors are of limited effectiveness. Aerobics and/or resistance training treatments have limited or short-lasting effects.  

Physical and mental (cognitive) exercise training improves outcomes among those with age-related mental symptoms. Therefore, adding cognitive exercise to physical training programs could improve the outcomes of stroke survivors. However, given the significant impairments following a stroke, it is not clear if patients can adhere to treatment.     

This study included 131 stroke survivors. Of these, 86 were assigned to a training program combining aerobic, resistance, and cognitive exercises (ARCE). The remaining 45 patients received a placebo treatment.

ARCE consisted of aerobic followed by resistance training with 10-minute training tasks focusing on attention, memory, and speed. ARCE sessions were given 3 times a week, lasting between 40 to 60 minutes for 12 weeks.

37 patients withdrew from the study. Of these, 17 (20%) were in the ARCE group and 20 (44%) were in the placebo group. The adherence rate in the ARCE group was significantly higher than in the placebo group. The most common reason for stopping the treatment was lack of time, new medical issues, and that ARCE was not challenging enough.

None of the 99 side effects reported by 59 participants were serious nor were they related to ARCE. Slightly greater improvements were seen in physical, cognitive, and mood outcomes in the ARCE group. 

This study concluded that ARCE is safe, feasible, and has significant adherence by stroke survivors.

This was a pilot study to test for adherence mainly. Further, larger studies should test the long term effects of ARCE.