Radiation therapy guidelines for patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma

This article reviewed the role of radiation therapy (RT) in the treatment of lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL).

LL is a rare type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. This type of lymphoma develops when white blood cells, called lymphocytes, become abnormal and grow in an uncontrolled way.

90% of patients with LL have large tumors in the mediastinum (the area of the chest between the lungs). Symptoms can include shortness of breath, chest pain, and swelling of the face, neck, upper body, and arms. It is important to research the role of RT delivered to the mediastinum for patients with LL.

Mediastinal RT is recommended for patients with LL who achieve a near complete response (disappearance of cancer) after initial chemotherapy. This is because relapse occurs most often in the mediastinum.

Computed tomography (CT) scanning can help identify patients who could benefit from radiation therapy. Previous studies have suggested that residual tumors that are 1.5 centimeters or larger on CT scans could benefit from RT.

The goal of using RT for mediastinal LL is to improve disease control. However, this treatment is associated with long-term side effects, especially in younger patients. Reducing side effects and long-term complications such as secondary cancer are essential. This can be achieved by minimizing radiation exposure to the heart and lungs. For women aged 35 or younger, radiation to the breasts should also be avoided.

This article reviewed the role of mediastinal radiation therapy in the treatment of lymphoblastic lymphoma.