Evaluating the effectiveness of robot-assisted gait training with various training modes in improving the balance and walking function of patients with stroke.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of robot-assisted gait training with various training modes in improving the balance and walking function of patients with stroke. The data showed that robot-assisted gait training with various training modes significantly improved balance, walking function, and lower limb strength compared to conventional physiotherapy in these patients.

A stroke is caused by a blood cut-off to the brain. This is followed by the death of brain cells that stopped receiving oxygen. The abilities controlled by these cells are lost, leaving patients with symptoms such as arm or leg paralysis. 83% of stroke survivors have impaired balance and postural control (muscle control to maintain an upright posture). This can limit gait (walking ability) and increase the risk of falling.

Patients may need training through physical therapy to improve their gait following a stroke. Walking speed and step length can be affected by stroke. Improving the speed of walking is important for a patient’s quality of life. Usually, rehabilitation is performed alongside a physiotherapist. Evidence suggests that robots could be used for effective rehabilitation. This is called robot-assisted gait training. However, the effectiveness of robot-assisted gait training with various training modes in improving the balance and walking function of patients with stroke is still unclear.

This study involved 43 patients with stroke. Patients were randomly assigned into 4 groups. Group 1 included 11 patients who received training with Healbot T (lower limb rehabilitation robot) with pelvic off mode. Group 2 included 12 patients who received training with Healbot T with pelvic on mode. Group 3 included 10 patients who received training with Healbot T with constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) mode. Group 4 included 10 patients who received training with conventional physiotherapy. All patients received a 30-minute session 10 times for 4 weeks. Patients’ balance and walking were evaluated.

Patients in group 2 showed significant improvements in balance compared to patients in group 4. Patients in group 3 showed significant improvements in walking function and lower limb function compared to patients in group 4.

This study concluded that robot-assisted gait training with various training modes significantly improves balance, walking function, and lower limb strength compared to conventional physiotherapy in patients with stroke.

The sample size was very small. This study did not measure mechanisms such as kinetics and kinematics. Larger studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm the conclusions.