Electromechanical and robot-assisted gait training improves walking ability after stroke

This study reviewed the effectiveness of electromechanical- and robot-assisted gait training (ERGT) in treating impaired gait (walking) after stroke. Researchers suggested that ERGT combined with physiotherapy improves the walking ability of these patients.

A stroke occurs in more than 795,000 patients in the US. It is a cause of serious long-term disability in adults. It consists of a blockage of blood flow to the brain. Brain cells stop receiving oxygen and begin to die causing symptoms such as impaired walking. This condition affects the performance of daily activities and quality of life.

Physiotherapy and high-intensity walking practice result in better outcomes. Treadmill training enables the repetitive practice of gait exercises.

ERGT was developed to reduce the need for therapists. They consist of treadmill training with robotic legs or two driven footplates simulating the phases of gait. Patients undergoing ERGT with robotic legs are guided by the device programmed gait exercises. The electromechanical gait training (EGT) consists of two-foot plates that guide the patient during walking exercises. Movements of the trunk are controlled depending on the gait phase.

Even though ERGT improves the outcomes of gait training, studies about this new technology are rare. Therefore, an update on the best available ERGT treatment is necessary.

This study reviewed another 62 studies including information about 2440 participants with stroke. All participants received ERGT plus physiotherapy or physiotherapy alone.  

EGT in combination with physiotherapy increased the odds of improved walking. These patients were 2.01 times more likely to recover their walking capacity. Patients from this group of treatment also improved walking speed. Patients who were not walking at the start of the study have seen more improvements with this type of training.

This study concluded that EGT combined with physiotherapy help patients with stroke and impaired gait to walk independently.

This study analyzed multiple studies with different protocols. Differences between EGT devices in terms of walking speed and capacity were observed.