In a nutshell
This study assessed the effects on cholesterol of tocilizumab (TCZ, Actemra) and adalimumab (Humira) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The results showed that cholesterol levels increased more with TCZ. Other risk factors for heart disease decreased more with TCZ.
Some background
RA is a chronic autoimmune disease (when the immune system attacks healthy tissue) that can increase inflammation in the body. This inflammation may increase the risk of heart disease in RA patients. Treatments for RA can reduce inflammation, but some, such as TCZ or adalimumab, can also increase cholesterol (a type of fat that can build-up on the blood vessels) levels. The effects of certain RA treatments on heart disease risk are not clear.
Methods & findings
This study examined the effect of TCZ and adalimumab on risk factors for heart disease.
This study included 162 patients treated with TCZ and 162 patients treated with adalimumab for 24 weeks. Cholesterol levels were analyzed at the start and then after eight weeks.
In patients treated with TCZ, cholesterol increased compared to those taking adalimumab. Total cholesterol levels increased 0.67 mmol/L more following treatment with TCZ compared to adalimumab. LDL cholesterol (the "bad" cholesterol that can be harmful) levels increased 0.46 mmol/L more following treatment with TCZ. However, HDL cholesterol (the "good" cholesterol that can be helpful) also increased with TCZ treatment compared to adalimumab.
Treatment with TCZ also led to decreases in certain proteins that are markers for heart disease compared to treatment with adalimumab.
The bottom line
The study concluded that despite the increase in LDL cholesterol levels, TCZ may be beneficial for reducing the risk of heart disease in RA patients.
What’s next?
Discuss any concerns about heart disease and RA treatment with your doctor.
Published By :
Annals of the rheumatic diseases
Date :
Nov 27, 2015
