Efficacy and adherence to a lifestyle modification program in sedentary colorectal cancer survivors

This study evaluated the efficacy of home-based lifestyle counseling and coaching program in achieving adequate lifestyle changes in older sedentary colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. 

Older CRC survivors are at risk of developing secondary cancers, heart diseases and declining self-care capacity. Previous studies showed that exercise and diet can reduce the risks associated with cancer and aging and can improve health outcomes. The main challenge in this age-group was to overcome acquired behaviors by changing learned sedentary lifestyle into healthier habits and to sustain them overtime. 

The Reach Out to Enhance Wellness (RENEW) trial evaluated the possibility of long-term adherence to healthy lifestyle habits among 641 sedentary cancer survivors. Participants were aged 65 and above with a body mass index of 25 to 40 kg/m2 (overweight to obese). The patients were randomly assigned to either immediate participation in the lifestyle intervention program (delivered via telephone counseling and printed materials providing dietary and physical activity guidelines) or a delayed participation after a 1-year control period. The intervention led to a 95% improvement in dietary quality and physical activity; a 95% decrease in body weight, and an overall improvement in the general well-being.

In summary, a complex diet and exercise program that addresses common age-related issues can significantly improve quality of life and functional abilities, and sustain healthful behaviors in older, overweight cancer survivors.

The study was limited by the small percentage of eligible individuals who agreed to participate in the study and the 25% drop-out rate at 2 years. Another limitation of this trial was that it was based upon self-reported (subjective) data.

Exercise and a healthy diet are proven to be essential for long-term recovery from CRC, and prevention of recurrences. With your physician's guidance, you may start a healthy routine with or without professional guidance, depending on your health status. The challenge is not in starting a healthy routine but in keeping it over time.