Is Aquablation an effective treatment for urinary symptoms caused by an enlarged prostate?

The authors analyzed the effectiveness of Aquablation compared to other treatments for patients with urinary symptoms caused by an enlarged prostate. The authors concluded that Aquablation is probably as effective as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in these patients.

An enlarged prostate may cause bothersome urinary tract symptoms. These include having to urinate often during the day or night, having a weak stream of urine, and the feeling of not completely emptying the bladder. When lifestyle changes (like drinking less liquids) or medications do not help, men may choose to have surgery. One of these surgeries is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). This involves the removal of parts of the prostate gland through the urethra. This procedure may cause unwanted effects. These include erection and ejaculation problems, or the patient may require retreatment. Aquablation, is another treatment option. It uses high-pressure water to remove prostate tissue, and help with urinary tract symptoms.

It is not known if Aquablation is an effective treatment for urinary symptoms caused by an enlarged prostate compared to TURP.

The authors analyzed the results of one study which compared Aquablation to TURP. There were 184 patients included in the study. 

Up to 12 months after treatment, Aquablation improved urinary symptoms similarly to TURP. Both treatments resulted in a similar quality of life. The number of unwanted serious side effects were similar among both groups. Men who had Aquablation or TURP had a similar risk of needing a repeat procedure. 

Aquablation made little to no difference to erectile function. Men who had Aquablation reported fewer issues with ejaculation when compared to those who had a TURP.  

The authors concluded that Aquablation is probably as effective as TURP at treating urinary symptoms caused by an enlarged prostate.

The study that was analyzed was small. The patients were followed up for a short period of time. The study was funded by the company that makes the Aquablation device. Further studies are needed for stronger evidence.