Muscle function in rheumatoid arthritis – does resistance training improve functionality in women?

This study investigated low load resistance training (LRT) to improve muscle function in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). They found that LRT improved muscle strength and function. 

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term condition. It is caused by painful inflammation in the joints. It can also lead to poor quality of life and physical disability. Many patients will have reduced physical activity due to RA symptoms. Loss of muscle strength is common in RA. This is mainly caused by inflammation. Inflammation leads to a loss of muscle mass. There are many drug options for treating RA. None of these drugs target muscle mass loss. 

Resistance training (RT) is a type of exercise that promotes muscle strength and increased muscle mass. Typical RT may not be feasible for patients with RA due to pain or fatigue. Low-load RT (LRT) involves using moderate repetition of RT exercises. It is also called blood flow restriction training (BFRT). It is unclear if BFRT improves muscle function in women with RA.

This study included 48 postmenopausal women with RA. Patients were assigned to one of 3 groups. One group did high-load RT (HRT). A second group did LRT (also BFRT). The third group of patients was assigned as control. The study lasted 12 weeks. Physical function, pain, and quality of life were measured. 

Both HRT and LRT improved muscle strength compared to control. HRT and LRT improved muscle function at 12 weeks. There was no difference in muscle strength and function between HRT and LRT. LRT improved physical function and bodily pain. Only physical function was improved with HRT.

Overall, quality of life scores were significantly improved in LRT patients only. Knee pain was reported by 50% of HRT patients. LRT patients reported mild discomfort that did not last. 

The authors concluded that LRT improved muscle strength and function in women with RA.

This study included a very small number of participants. The long-term benefit of this intervention needs more investigation.

If you have any concerns regarding RA, please consult with your doctor.