In a nutshell
This study investigated if urinary levels of antimicrobials (AMCs) are associated with the ability to conceive (fecundability; FCD). They found that higher AMC concentrations in the urine of women were associated with reduced FCD.
Some background
Infertility is an increasing problem worldwide. In many cases the cause of infertility is unclear. Many couples appear fertile and yet cannot conceive a child. The ability to conceive is called fecundability (FCD). Many factors could affect FCD. The environment may be an important contributor to reduced FCD. Exposure to antimicrobials (AMCs) has been suggested as a potential environmental factor.
AMCs are found in personal care and food products. Triclosan (TCS) is a commonly used AMC. This can be found in toothpaste, soaps or detergents. Parabens (PBs) are a type of AMC. They are known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The most well-known PBs are methyl PB (MPB), propyl PB (PPB) and ethyl PB (EPB). EDCs can affect male and female hormones. Studies in animals suggest that EDCs can lead to toxic effects on the reproductive system.
MPB, PPB, and TCS have been detected in the urine of the majority of people in the US. It is unclear if AMC concentrations in the urine can affect FCD.
Methods & findings
This study included 501 couples. A urine sample was taken from both male and female partners. AMCs were measured. Participants tried to conceive naturally. The primary outcome was the time to pregnancy (TTP). Participants were followed up for 12 months.
69% of couples had a confirmed pregnancy. AMCs including PBs were detected in all couples. TCS was detected in 93% of females and 87% of males. Females with the highest concentrations of MPB had a 28-34% reduction in FCD. A similar effect was observed with EPB. No associations were observed for male AMC levels alone.
When both partners were considered, there was a 37% reduction in FCD with higher MPB concentrations. A 33% reduction in FCD was observed with higher EPB levels.
The bottom line
The authors concluded that higher AMC urine concentrations were associated with reduced fecundability.
The fine print
The patients in this study were predominantly white and college-educated. The exposure to AMCs could be different in other social groups.
What’s next?
If you have any concerns regarding infertility please consult with your doctor.
Published By :
Environmental health perspectives
Date :
Apr 01, 2017
