In a nutshell
This study aimed at determining the efficacy and safety of using Teplizumab (an immunosuppressive drug) in preservation of C-peptide in type 1 diabetes.
Some background
Type 1 diabetes is believed to be caused by an autoimmune response where the body's own immune system attacks the beta cells of the pancreas and destroys them. The main function of the beta cells is to store and produce insulin. C-peptide is another hormone that is produced by the beta cells at equal amounts as insulin. Therefore, destruction of beta cells means that the body can no longer produce both insulin and C-peptide. Estimation of functional beta cells is achieved by measuring levels of C-peptide.
Newly diagnosed TIDM can be controlled by using treatments that aim at preventing the destruction of beta-cell function. Teplizumab is a drug that is used to prevent autoimmune responses thus preserving C-peptide and insulin production in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
Methods & findings
This study involved 513 patients. Some received a placebo (a substance containing no medicinal effect) while others were treated with teplizumab administered directly to the veins. However, 462 patients completed the 2-year follow-up. As compared to a placebo, a 14-day full-dose of Teplizumab significantly reduced loss of C-peptide. At 1 year, 5.3% of patients in the 14-day full-dose group were not taking insulin, compared with no patients in the placebo group. There were no differences in adverse events (undesirable effects associated with drug use) in both groups.
The bottom line
In summary, findings suggest that teplizumab has increased success in prevention of a decline in beta-cell function (measured by C-peptide) and provision of blood glucose control at reduced doses of insulin in patients recently diagnosed of T1DM.
Published By :
Diabetes
Date :
Jul 01, 2013
