How often should self-monitoring of blood glucose be done in patients with type 2 diabetes?

This article investigated the impact of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) frequencies on glucose control (GC) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who are not on insulin. The authors concluded that frequent SMBG (8-14 times/week) is effective for these patients.

T2D is a disorder where the body can no longer use insulin correctly. This results in high blood glucose. Current treatment options include insulin (medication which takes glucose into cells) to lower blood glucose, blood glucose-lowering oral or injected drugs and lifestyle changes (healthy diet and exercise). 

Frequent SMBG is necessary for patients with T2D taking insulin. However, the best frequency and timing of SMBG is not known in patients who are not on insulin.

The study analyzed 12 other studies. 3,350 patients with T2D were included overall. Patients were analysed by how many times they performed SMBG a week. 

At follow-up, patients that performed SMBG 8-14 times a week had a significant decrease in HbA1c (a blood glucose control measurement over the past 3 months). This decrease was by 0.46% at 6 months and by 0.20% at 12 months. This decrease was not seen in patients that performed SMBG 7 times a week. Patients that performed SMBG 8-14 times a week also had a decrease in BMI (body mass index; a measurement of body weight in relation to height) of 0.46.

The authors concluded that SMBG of 8-14 times a week is effective better blood glucose control for patients with T2D not on insulin. 

The studies analyzed had different protocols. This might have influenced the results.

If you have concerns regarding blood glucose control, discuss this with your doctor.