In a nutshell This review compared the efficacy and risks associated with adding oxaliplatin (OX) to fluoropyimidine (FU) chemoradiotherapy (CRT) before surgery in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Some background In LARC, the cancer has grown from the rectum (the lowest part of the large bowel) into surrounding...
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Evaluating the benefits of laparoscopy in determining the extent of peritoneal carcinomatosis for patients with colorectal cancer
In a nutshell This article evaluated whether the use of a minimally invasive diagnostic technique called laparoscopy before surgery to treat peritoneal carcinomatosis improves the selection of patients who can benefit the most from treatment. The authors of the study found that laparoscopy can be used to select patients for whom surgery may be a...
Read MoreFactors that influence long term survival in patients with lung metastases from colorectal cancer
In a nutshell This article looks at results from 8 clinical studies where patients had surgery to remove lung metastases. Using patient data from these studies, the authors identified risk factors which can predict the 5 year survival rate. Some background Oligometastasis defines the spread of a primary cancer (in this case colorectal cancer) to a...
Read MoreCan a scoring system called a nomogram help develop a treatment program that is individual to each patient?
In a nutshell This article is a short editorial describing how the use of a “nomogram” (a predictive tool based on a points system) could provide a doctor and patient with possible outcomes if different treatment options are selected. Some background The current method of choosing treatment for patients with rectal cancer is fairly...
Read MorePreoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging can predict good outcomes for rectal cancer patients treated with surgery alone
In a nutshell The present study examined the survival rate of rectal cancer (RC) patients treated with surgery alone, based on preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) staging predictive of a good prognosis. Some background RC is staged according to how far the cancer has spread through the walls of the rectum (the final section of...
Read MoreA genetic profile which identifies patients who will respond to preoperative chemoradiation for rectal cancer
In a nutshell This study looks at the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer with chemoradiation prior to surgery, and if there are variations in the cancer genes which make some more sensitive to this treatment than others. They find that changes in three individual genes made cancers less sensitive to chemoradiation, and may be a useful...
Read MoreComparison of two surgical techniques for the treatment of pseudomyxoma peritonei
In a nutshell The present study compared the efficacy of two surgical techniques to treat pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP): debulking and cytoreduction. Cytoreductive surgery achieved better surgical results and yielded higher 3- and 5-year survival rates, compared with debulking. Some background PMP is a rare condition caused by the production of...
Read MoreThe impact of radiotherapy protocol on quality of life in patients with operable rectal cancer
In a nutshell This article evaluated the long-term quality of life of patients with rectal cancer, treated with either a short course of radiation before surgery, or postoperative chemo-radiation. Patients treated with pre-operative radiation reported worse sexual- and bowel-related functional outcomes. Some background In patients with...
Read MoreSugar-rich foods and colorectal cancer recurrence
In a nutshell This study investigated whether diets rich in carbohydrates influence recurrence rates in patients treated for colorectal cancer. The main finding was that a higher glycemic (sugar) load and carbohydrate intake were associated with a greater risk of cancer recurrence. Some background Dietary factors, as well as body...
Read MoreComparison between laparoscopic and open surgery for colon cancer
In a nutshell The present study compares two surgical techniques for the treatment of colon cancer: Open Colectomy (OC) and Laparoscopic Assisted Colectomy (LAC). They found that LAC may be preferred to OC for removal of colon cancer. Some background The first treatment of choice for colon cancer which is localized to the colonic...
Read MoreIsolated cancer cells in lymph nodes increase the risk of the cancer re-occurring after surgery: A method to detect these isolated cells
Colorectal cancer is the uncontrolled growth of cells in the rectum, colon (the large intestine) and it can also affect the appendix. It affects both men and women. Patients who are diagnosed with stage 1 and 2 colorectal cancer (cancers affecting the lining of the intestines – stage 1, and the muscle wall – stage 2) are generally only...
Read MoreEvaluating the benefits of postoperative chemotherapy for patients with stage II colorectal cancer
In a nutshell This study tested whether chemotherapy after surgery (adjuvant chemotherapy) extends survival and reduces the risk of cancer recurrence in patients with stage II colorectal cancer (CRC). Some background Stage II colorectal cancer (cancer in the colon or rectum) is confined to the digestive tract. It is usually treated with surgery...
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