In a nutshell This study evaluated the addition of linagliptin (Trajenta) to metformin (Glucophage) and lifestyle changes in patients with persistent prediabetes. The authors concluded that adding linagliptin after 12 months of metformin treatment and lifestyle changes improved glucose levels and pancreatic β-cell function in these...
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In a nutshell This study compared the effectiveness and tolerance of metformin (Glucophage) extended-release (MXR) and conventional metformin immediate-release (MIR) in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The authors concluded that MIR had better glucose control while MXR but reduced gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. Some background...
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In a nutshell This study compared the effectiveness and safety of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), bipolar transurethral enucleation of the prostate (bTUEP), and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in medium-sized prostates. The authors concluded that all...
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In a nutshell This study investigated the effectiveness of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in patients with overactive bladder (OAB) that failed previous Botulinum toxin A (Botox; BTA) treatment. Researchers suggested that SNM is a good method in patients who failed first-line treatment. Some background OAB causes a sudden urge to urinate that is...
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In a nutshell The study investigated the impact of adding chemotherapy after surgery to remove liver metastasis on the outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The study reported a significantly longer survival in patients undergoing further chemotherapy. Some background Up to 50% of patients with CRC develop...
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In a nutshell This article reviewed different treatment options for multiple myeloma (MM)-related bone disease. Some background MM is a type of cancer of the bone marrow that can lead to abnormal immune cells. Up to 80% of newly diagnosed patients develop bone disease. These patients have a high risk of bone problems, such as fractures and...
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In a nutshell The aim of this study was to investigate FOLFIRINOX (oxaliplatin, irinotecan, leucovorin, and fluorouracil) before pre-surgery chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for patients with rectal cancer (RC). The study found that FOLFIRINOX given before CRT and surgery improved the outcomes of these patients. Some background RC can be treated with...
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In a nutshell This study described the updates to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) skin melanoma guidelines. Some background Melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of skin cancer. Patients often have a biopsy of a suspected melanoma to evaluate the severity of the tumor. Treatment for melanoma includes surgery to remove the...
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In a nutshell This trial was carried out to compare bortezomib (Velcade; V) and carfilzomib (Kyprolis; K) in combination with Cd (cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone) as second line treatment in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma (MM). The authors found the KCd is as effective as VCd and K can also be used as a maintenance treatment in these...
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In a nutshell This study looked at the use of focal cryotherapy (FC) for the treatment of low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PC). The authors found that the use of FC was safe and increased time to further therapy with similar survival compared to active surveillance (AS). Some background PC is one of the most common forms of...
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In a nutshell This trial was carried out to assess the effectiveness of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The authors found that TKIs plus SBRT improved the survival without disease worsening for these patients. Some background Lung cancer...
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In a nutshell This review was carried out to analyze the effectiveness and safety of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) plus chemotherapy (CT) versus EGFR-TKIs alone as a treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that is EGFR-positive. The authors found that EGFR-TKIs and CT treatment improved survival for these patients while...
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