In a nutshell This study evaluated blood glucose control in adults and children with type 1 diabetes on a very low-carbohydrate diet (VLCD). This study concluded that this diet may provide exceptional control for type 1 diabetes, with minimal side effects. Some background Research has shown that carbohydrates affect blood sugar levels more than...
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Impact of weight loss on insulin resistance in breast cancer survivors
In a nutshell This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a behavior-based weight loss program on insulin resistance for breast cancer survivors. This study found that breast cancer survivors who achieved 5% or more weight loss saw a significant reduction of insulin resistance. Some background Breast cancer survivors with excess weight are more...
Read MoreExercise, body composition and fatigue with androgen deprivation therapy
In a nutshell This study aimed to determine whether body composition (lean and fat mass) and exercise had an effect on fatigue levels in men treated with androgen deprivation therapy. The study concluded that fat mass was associated with fatigue, and an increase in lean mass due to exercise successfully reduced fatigue. Some background Androgen...
Read MoreDoes a low-carbohydrate diet improve outcomes more than a moderate-carbohydrate diet in patients with prediabetes or Type 2 diabetes?
In a nutshell This study investigated the outcomes of a very low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diet versus a moderate-carbohydrate diet in adults with prediabetes or Type 2 diabetes. This study concluded that the adults on the low-carbohydrate diet had greater reductions in HbA1c levels (average blood glucose over 3 months), body weight, and medication usage...
Read MoreDo patients with advanced lung cancer change their exercise habits?
In a nutshell This study examined the exercise behavior and physical fitness in patients with advanced lung cancer. The authors concluded that regular exercise and therefore physical fitness is reduced after diagnosis of advanced lung cancer. Some background Cancer patients frequently have reduced physical ability and quality of life due to fatigue...
Read MoreCan aquatic exercise manage hypertension short-term in older women?
In a nutshell This study investigated if aquatic exercise had an effect on blood pressure levels in older women with hypertension (high blood pressure). The study determined that aquatic exercise caused a greater reduction in blood pressure compared to land-based exercise in the short-term. Some background Hypertension is a serious...
Read MoreHow does a low-carbohydrate diet compare to a high-carbohydrate diet for the management of Type 2 diabetes?
In a nutshell This study compared the effects of a low-carbohydrate versus a high-carbohydrate diet on glycemic control and heart disease risk in obese adults with type 2 diabetes. This study concluded that both diets helped reduce body weight, HbA1c levels, and fasting blood glucose levels. However, the low-carbohydrate diet led to greater...
Read MoreSalt intake and hypertension: could other dietary factors be influencing this relationship?
In a nutshell This study investigated the effects of dietary factors on the relationship between salt intake and hypertension. The study concluded that the association between salt intake and hypertension is not influenced by any other dietary factor. Some background Managing hypertension (high blood pressure) can be achieved using a number...
Read MoreWhat are the effects of a low-fat vegan diet on pancreas function in overweight, non-diabetic adults?
In a nutshell This study investigated the effects of a low-fat vegan (plant-based) diet on pancreas function in overweight, non-diabetic adults. This study concluded that both pancreas function and insulin sensitivity significantly improved in these adults through a low-fat vegan diet. Some background Poor function of beta-cells in the pancreas...
Read MoreEffects of soy and cruciferous vegetables on breast cancer treatment-related symptoms
In a nutshell This study examined improvement in treatment related menopausal symptoms in patients who have had breast cancer and eat a diet rich in soy or cruciferous vegetable. This study found that higher soy and cruciferous vegetable intake was associated with less treatment-related menopausal symptoms and fatigue. Some background...
Read MoreCould a moderate intake of wine be beneficial for patients with well-controlled diabetes?
In a nutshell This study determined whether or not a moderate intake of wine would be overall beneficial for patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes. The authors concluded that initiating the drinking of wine, as part of a healthy diet, modestly decreases heart-disease risk. Some background Moderate consumption of alcohol (particularly wine)...
Read MorePost-traumatic stress disorder can develop in patients with cancer
In a nutshell This study aimed to evaluate post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients who have had treatment for cancer. This study found that a number of patients undergoing cancer treatment developed PTSD after treatment and recommended that supports are put in place. Some background Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a...
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