In a nutshell The authors aimed to determine the effects of combination therapy compared to single therapy in melanoma patients with BRAF mutations. Some background Melanoma can arise as a result of family genetics where mutations in specific genes such as BRAF genes (controls the functions needed for cell growth) can be passed on to family...
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In a nutshell The authors reviewed the effect of androgen deprivation therapy in treating patients with advanced prostate cancer. Some background Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a form of hormone treatment that targets the male sex hormones involved in prostate cancer, such as testosterone. ADT is the standard treatment for cancer that has...
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In a nutshell This study investigated two treatment options for patients with cancer that has spread to the peritoneum (the lining of the abdominal cavity). Some background A common location for colorectal cancer to spread is the peritoneum. The best way to treat patients with peritoneal invasion is with cytoreductive surgery plus intraperitoneal...
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In a nutshell The authors aimed to determine outcomes in patients with whose prostate cancer has spread to the lymph nodes and were treated with prostate surgery but without accompanying hormone treatment. Some background In some patients prostate cancer tumors can spread to other parts of the body, including the lymph nodes which hold the...
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In a nutshell This paper studied whether palbociclib (Ibrance) used in combination with letrozole (Femara) benefits breast cancer patients who are estrogen receptor positive (presence of receptor on cells) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (absence of receptor on cells). Some background Estrogen receptor and human...
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In a nutshell The authors aimed to determine the differences between melphalan or TNF- melphalan isolated limb perfusion in treating melanoma that has spread from the original site. Some background In melanoma patients in-transit metastases can occur, indicating that the cancer has spread from the primary tumor site (site of first tumor) towards...
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In a nutshell The authors aimed to determine whether radiosurgery alone or in combination with whole-brain irradiation was the better treatment option for cerebral metastases (cancer that has spread to the brain). Some background Brain metastases occurs when cancer tumors have spread to the brain from another location in the body, like the...
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In a nutshell This study compared two treatment options for patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (non-small-cell lung cancer that has an abnormal EGFR gene and has spread to distant sites). Some background One possible cause of non-small cell lung cancer is a mutation in the...
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In a nutshell The authors aimed to compile a review of current and emerging melanoma treatments. Some background The occurrence of cutaneous melanoma (melanoma of the skin) is increasing across the world with 160,000 new cases and 48,000 deaths occurring globally per year. UV ray exposure is one of the most common causes of melanoma and...
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In a nutshell This study examined the impact of cancer that has spread to the liver and the lymph nodes surrounding the liver (hepatic hilar lymph node [HLN] metastasis) on patient survival. Some background The liver is the most common organ for distant metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer. It is a poor prognostic factor for...
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In a nutshell This study evaluated the benefits of personalized 5-fluorouracil (Efudex) dosing in early and late-stage colorectal cancer patients. Some background 5-fluorouracil has been a mainstay of colorectal cancer chemotherapy for over 50 years. Research has shown that in order for 5-fluorouracil to work effectively target concentrations need...
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In a nutshell This study investigated whether cancer that has spread to the peritoneal surface (the lining of the abdominal cavity) can be treated as effectively as cancer that has spread to the liver in colorectal cancer patients. Some background The liver is the most common metastatic site (site for the cancer to...
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