Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition in which blood pressure at rest is higher than the body's needs. It is defined as a systolic blood pressure above 140, and a diastolic blood pressure above 90. If only one of these values is elevated, it is referred to as isolated systolic or isolated diastolic hypertension. If blood pressure is slightly elevated, but not to a degree that meets the criteria, it is referred to as pre-hypertension. This condition is still harmful and still requires treatment.

Diabetes, or diabetes mellitus, is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced.

There are several types of diabetes, the classification being related to the mechanisms through which the disease develops.