In a nutshell
This study investigated if chromosomal abnormalities (CA) are associated with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). They found that RPL was associated with higher CA rates in women under 35.
Some background
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is when a woman has 2 or more miscarriages. In many cases the cause of RPL is unclear. This is called idiopathic RPL. There are many potential causes of RPL. The risk of RPL is higher in older mothers. Some women are more likely to develop antibodies that attack the growing embryo.
Some studies suggest that chromosomal abnormalities (CA) might cause RPL. Chromosomes contain the genetic information for cells to develop. CA can be measured using preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). CA can include missing chromosomes (aneuploidy) or breakages. If an embryo has severe CA then it may stop growing. This can lead to a miscarriage. The link between CA and miscarriage is well-known. It is unclear if CA is a significant cause of idiopathic RPL.
Methods & findings
This study included 62 patients with idiopathic RPL. Blastocysts (early embryos) underwent PGT before in vitro fertilization (IVF). The RPL group was compared to a control group (212 patients). The control group had no fertility issues but also underwent PGT before IVF. CA rates were compared between the two groups.
The rate of CA was significantly higher in the RPL group (57.4% vs 42%) compare to the control group. The rate of CA was higher in RPL patients under 35 (48.9% vs. 36.9% control). There was a 60% higher risk of CA in RPL patients under 35 compared to the control group. The rates and risks of CA were similar in RPL and control group for those over 35 years of age.
The rate of miscarriage was higher in younger RPL patients with normal embryos. This indicates there may be other causes of RPL.
The bottom line
The authors concluded that RPL was associated with higher CA rates in women under 35.
The fine print
The number of patients in this study was low. It was also based on medical records. Information might have been incomplete. Larger controlled studies are needed.
What’s next?
If you have any concerns regarding infertility management please consult with your doctor.
Published By :
Fertility and Sterility
Date :
Apr 01, 2020
