In a nutshell
This study investigated if anti-hypertensive medications (AHMs) reduce the risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). They found that AHMs may reduce the risk of dementia.
Some background
Hypertension or high blood pressure (BP) is a common condition. Managing BP levels is important. If untreated, hypertension can lead to organ damage, heart attack and/or stroke. Some studies also suggest that uncontrolled BP can increase the risk of dementia. Dementia is a condition that affects memory. Dementia is also a symptom of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Anti-hypertensive medications (AHMs) can be used to lower BP. One study has investigated the effect of AHMs on dementia/AD risk. Evidence suggests that AHMs may reduce the risk of dementia/AD. It is unclear if certain types of AHMs reduce the risk of dementia/AD.
Methods & findings
This study reviewed the results of 6 clinical reports. 31,090 patients with hypertension and no dementia symptoms took part. Patients in these studies were taking various AHMs. 5 types of AHMs were used. These were angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), beta (β) blockers, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and diuretics. Dementia/AD risk was based on BP control and dementia/AD diagnoses. Patients in these studies were followed up for 7-22 years.
The risk of dementia was 12% lower in hypertensive patients treated with AHMs. It was also 16% lower in patients using AHMs compared to those not taking AHMs. The risk of dementia/AD was similar in patients with normal BP. No drug type was more effective than others at reducing the dementia/AD risk. The reduced risk with AHM use was more significant in patients under 75 (by 21%).
The bottom line
The authors concluded that AHMs may reduce the risk of dementia and AD in hypertensive patients.
What’s next?
If you have any concerns regarding hypertension management please consult with your doctor.
Published By :
The Lancet. Neurology
Date :
Nov 06, 2019
